Baku: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed that Azerbaijan is equipped to test for hantavirus using PCR methods in both human and animal health laboratories. The risk of hantavirus spread remains low, according to WHO's response to an inquiry by APA, highlighting the organization's ongoing efforts to work with countries under the International Health Regulations framework.
According to Azeri-Press News Agency, WHO is actively collaborating with several nations to ensure rapid response and containment of the virus. The primary focus is on patient care, safety, and halting further transmission. Hantavirus typically spreads from contact with infected rodents, through their urine, droppings, or saliva. Rare occurrences of person-to-person transmission have been noted, specifically with the Andes virus in the Americas, mainly involving close and prolonged contact.
WHO has notified 12 countries with citizens who were aboard a ship associated with recent hantavirus cases. These countries include Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, Trkiye, the United Kingdom, and the United States. South Africa is also receiving WHO assistance for contact tracing related to a flight. Passengers have been advised to report any symptoms as international contact tracing continues.
Azerbaijan's laboratory capabilities for diagnosing hantavirus through PCR methods are complemented by WHO's cooperation with European laboratories to ensure accurate testing for the Andes virus. Samples can be sent to specialized WHO reference laboratories if needed. WHO plans to release updated laboratory guidance soon to support testing across the region.
Globally, WHO assesses the hantavirus risk as low, with a moderate risk for individuals who were on the ship. The virus primarily spreads from rodents to humans, and person-to-person transmission is rare. Although there are thousands of hantavirus cases yearly worldwide, it is a small number relative to global population figures. The situation on the ship is being managed with care to mitigate risks.
Currently, there is no specific vaccine or antiviral treatment for hantavirus. Patient care focuses on monitoring and treating lung, heart, or kidney issues. Early medical intervention can improve outcomes, and people are urged to seek advice from health authorities if they suspect exposure.
Symptoms of hantavirus usually appear between one and eight weeks after exposure. Immediate medical attention is recommended for fever, fatigue, and breathing difficulties. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, abdominal pain, and nausea or vomiting.
WHO emphasizes the importance of managing the return of passengers and crew from the ship to protect public health while respecting individual dignity. Despite the low risk to the general public, authorities are implementing preventive measures to detect and respond to potential cases swiftly. Public health recommendations include continuing normal activities, following public health advice, and obtaining information from reliable sources while avoiding rumors and stigmatization.