Berlin: Europe's recent heatwaves are not isolated events, they are part of a clear long-term warming trend driven by climate change, according to Ronny Berndtsson, a professor of water resources engineering at Sweden's Lund University and Director of the Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies.

According to Azerbaijan State News Agency, Berndtsson explained that Europe is warming faster than any other continent, roughly twice the global average, leading to more frequent and intense extreme weather events such as heatwaves, droughts, and floods. This warming trend is accelerating the melting of European glaciers significantly, especially those in the Alps and Scandinavia.

Berndtsson noted that many glaciers are experiencing unprecedented ice loss, with some smaller glaciers at risk of disappearing entirely within decades. Initially, increased glacier melting results in more runoff, but as glaciers continue to shrink, river flows during dry summers begin to decline. This development poses major implications for water resources, as glaciers serve as natural water reservoirs that release meltwater during warm and dry periods. The disappearance of glaciers will put agriculture, hydropower production, ecosystems, and drinking water supplies under increasing pressure, particularly during prolonged droughts. Climate change is also contributing to the frequency of severe flooding and water shortages, complicating water management efforts.

While Europe has not reached a complete point of no return for its water resources, Berndtsson emphasized that for many glaciers, the loss is already irreversible on human timescales. He advocated for a twofold approach: reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit further warming and adapting water management systems to handle more extreme and variable water availability. Enhancing preparedness for both flooding and severe droughts can be achieved through better management of existing reservoirs, construction of new ones, and improving water use efficiency. Additionally, wastewater treatment and nature-based solutions must be prioritized to help the environment cope with the warming climate. Berndtsson expressed hope that these measures can effectively manage the challenges posed by climate change.